Tanzania Launches Largest Hydropower Plant, Boosting Regional Power Supply

Tanzania has officially commissioned the Julius Nyerere Hydropower Project (JNHPP), the country's largest power plant with a capacity of 2,115 megawatts. This milestone, achieved on August 22, more than doubles Tanzania’s electricity generation capacity, significantly exceeding current domestic demand.

Constructed on the Rufiji River at a cost of approximately 7.45 trillion Tanzanian shillings (around $2.84 billion), the plant raises Tanzania’s total installed generation capacity to 4,646 MW. With peak national demand at 2,271 MW, the project creates a surplus of 2,375 MW.

Officials anticipate that the excess electricity will support industrial expansion within Tanzania and enable power exports to neighboring countries. Talks are already underway with potential buyers, including Kenya and Zambia.

Project Background and Environmental Concerns

Construction began in 2019, but the project faced criticism from environmental groups concerned about its impact on wildlife and ecosystems, particularly those connected to the Selous Game Reserve—a UNESCO World Heritage site and one of Africa’s largest protected areas.

Despite these concerns, Tanzanian authorities have emphasized the dam’s vital role in ensuring the nation’s energy security and long-term economic growth.

Energy Mix and Future Outlook

With the JNHPP now operational, hydropower accounts for about 60% of Tanzania’s electricity generation, while natural gas meets much of the remaining demand. The government’s focus remains on leveraging this new capacity to foster regional energy cooperation and industrial development.